Key Terms
Consciousness
Subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment.
Baumeister
When self-awareness becomes painful (failure, embarrassment, fear), people escape it. Methods include alcohol, drugs, bi
Biological rhythm
Regularly occurring cycle of behavior caused by biological factors.
Two major types
REM and non-REM. Cycle length: approximately 90 minutes.
Awake
Beta waves (fast) Drowsy: Alpha waves (slower) N1: Theta waves N2: Theta waves + sleep spindles (bursts of rap
Early in the night
More N3. Later in the night: more REM.
Recommended sleep for adults
7-9 hours per night. U.S.
Dreams
Succession of images, thoughts, sounds, and emotions during sleep.
Psychoactive drug
A chemical that changes states of consciousness, particularly perceptions and moods.
KEY PROGRESSION
Tolerance -> Dependence -> Withdrawal -> Addiction
DRUG COMBINATIONS
Combining drugs multiplies CNS effects. Alcohol + benzodiazepines + heroin = common overdose combination.
Mechanism
Chemically similar to serotonin and epinephrine; act primarily as agonists mimicking serotonin. Effects: altered percept
Expectations also play a role
If you expect alcohol to make you aggressive, it tends to.
Withdrawal symptoms
Diarrhea, insomnia, restlessness, irritability, vomiting, intense craving. IV use risks: HIV, hepatitis B, heart infecti
Three main drivers
1. Immediate reward vs.